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Cognitive
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vrsequencegame
Sequense
Working Memory, Visual Memory, Sustained Attention
The Sequence task is a VR-based cognitive exercise designed to improve memory. In this task, the user must memorize a sequence of colors or symbols and then recall them in the same or reverse order. As the number of options, sequence length, and level of complexity gradually increase, the task effectively challenges and strengthens the user’s cognitive abilities.
Introduction video
Gameplay
In the Sequence task, several spheres are displayed to the user, lighting up in a specific order with distinct colors or symbols. After observing the sequence, the user must recreate it by touching the spheres in either forward or backward order. As the user progresses, the number of spheres, sequence length, and task complexity gradually increase. In advanced stages, sphere movement is introduced to further challenge visual processing speed and attention, alongside memory.
Therapeutic purpose
The therapeutic goal of the Sequence exercise is to enhance working memory, visual memory, sequencing ability, sustained attention, and executive functions through learning-based tasks involving the encoding and recall of visual sequences. The client must retain information in mind and reproduce it at the appropriate time in the same order or in reverse order. This process not only strengthens memory, but also helps improve focus, information processing speed, mental planning, and cognitive flexibility.
This exercise can be used as part of cognitive rehabilitation programs for individuals with:
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Learning disorders
Memory weakness
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Stroke
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)
Parkinson’s disease
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
and other conditions associated with deficits in memory and executive functioning.
- It may also be used in cognitive rehabilitation clinics, neurology centers, occupational therapy centers, speech therapy centers, psychology clinics, hospitals, and elder care centers as a tool to promote cognitive performance.
Clinician guide
First, select the Sequence exercise from the list of exercises and determine the desired level or stage of the training. After placing the headset on the client’s head, use the Environment Setup section to configure the environment. Then, by pressing the Start Exercise button, the countdown begins and the exercise starts.
Recorded metrics
- Memory span (longest successful sequence)
- Selection accuracy
- Response onset speed
- Performance difference in reverse mode and under distraction
Science & evidence
Echo rebuilds visual working memory and serial-order recall: holding and manipulating information across a short delay — the capacity that underpins mental arithmetic, following a conversation and carrying out multi-step instructions.
Scientific basis
Working memory is the limited-capacity system that briefly holds and manipulates information (Baddeley & Hitch, 1974). Forward and backward span tasks and the Corsi Block-Tapping Test are the classic clinical measures of verbal and visuospatial span (Corsi, 1972; Kessels et al., 2000). Echo's watch/listen-then-reproduce structure — especially its reverse mode — maps directly onto these paradigms.
Use in the cognitive treatment pathway
Working-memory deficits are common after stroke and traumatic brain injury, in mild cognitive impairment, ADHD and healthy ageing. Begin with short forward sequences to establish span, then grow the length and add reverse recall and graded distraction; the recorded span and accuracy trend tell the clinician where to start the next session.
VR & digital evidence
Systematic reviews and RCTs of VR/computerised cognitive training in older adults and MCI report gains in immediate and delayed memory and in attention (Brunner et al., 2025; Liu et al., 2025), although far transfer remains debated and clinician oversight matters.
This exercise is a rehabilitation aid, not a substitute for clinical assessment or therapy; program selection and interpretation of results remain with the care team.
References
- Baddeley AD, Hitch G. Working memory. Psychology of Learning and Motivation. 1974;8:47–89. doi:10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60452-1
- Corsi PM. Human memory and the medial temporal region of the brain [doctoral dissertation]. McGill University; 1972.
- Kessels RPC, van Zandvoort MJE, Postma A, Kappelle LJ, de Haan EHF. The Corsi Block-Tapping Task: standardization and normative data. Applied Neuropsychology. 2000;7(4):252–258. doi:10.1207/S15324826AN0704_8
- Brunner I, et al. Virtual reality interventions for older adults with mild cognitive impairment: systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs. Journal of Medical Internet Research. 2025. doi:10.2196/59195
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